Understanding ABO blood type compatibility They are the universal recipient. A patient can receive a kidney from a person with a blood group O or A. Patients B can receive a kidney from a person with a blood group O or B. Patients O can only receive one kidney from someone with blood group O.
Kidney donors must have a blood group compatible with the recipient. The Rh (+ or -) factor of the blood does not matter in a transplant. You may have heard conversations about “compatibility” and kidney transplant. In fact, there are three tests that are done to evaluate donors.
These are blood type tests, cross-tests, and HLA. This blood test is the first step in the living donation process and determines if you are a match or “compatible with your recipient”. Blood Types There are 4 different blood types. The most common blood group in the population is type O.
The next most common is blood group A, then blood group B, and the rarest is blood group AB. The donor's blood group must be compatible with the recipient. The rules for blood type in transplantation are the same as for blood transfusion. Some types of blood can be transmitted to others and others can't.
Blood group O is considered to be the universal donor. People with blood group O can donate to any other blood type. Blood group AB is called a universal recipient because it can receive an organ or blood from people with any type of blood. The table below shows which blood type you can donate to which blood group.
Kidneys are compared according to blood type. The process of matching blood types of blood donors to their blood type is known as “cross-testing.” The table below shows which blood groups match (are compatible). If you have a living donor, but that person's kidney isn't compatible with you, you can still receive a kidney transplant from a living donor. If your blood type doesn't match that of the donor, you won't be able to get a kidney from that person directly, but you can still receive a kidney transplant from another donor through paired kidney donation.
The recipient's body will always see an organ as a foreign object. If a deceased donor and a transplant recipient do not share the same blood type, a transplant will not be performed. When a living donor and a transplant recipient do not share the same blood type, the recipient may undergo special treatment to calm the immune system and allow the recipient to accept the kidney that is incompatible with the living donor's blood group. Without this treatment, the recipient's body will reject the new kidney, resulting in failure of the transplant.
If a person receives a kidney from someone with an incompatible blood group, the normal immune system will immediately reject the kidney because natural antibodies fight different blood types.
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